This course informs and discusses in detail the latest advancements in low power sensing technology, energy harvesting and their heterogeneous integration for wearable smart system applications. Technological roadmaps of performance and future evolutions will be presented.

The main objective of the course is to present and discuss the latest advancements in Internet of Things components embodied as wearables, with focus on low power sensing technology, wireless communications, energy harvesting and their heterogeneous integration for smart system applications. The focus is on smart devices that can be incorporated into human’s clothing or be worn on the body as accessories in order to track activity, various biomarkers and exposome. Technological roadmaps of performance, design and future evolutions will be presented. The low power computation and wireless communications are discussed from the point of view of technologies capable to reduce the energy per computed and communicated bit, as well as from a standardization point of view. We will detail future applications for wearable sensing and computing with main emphasis on: (1) monitoring for medical personalized diagnostic and prevention, and, (2) sports, fitness and activity monitoring applications. We will analyze the benefits of autonomous smart system technology from different perspectives, including that of the individual, the physician, health care management, economists, and, society in general. We will provide a rationale on the role of such technology as a component of the health care cycle and the changes it can induce by reinforcing preventive strategies. One example will be the Lab On Skin technology platform developed at EPFL and transferred to Xsensio SA company. We will also present how the wearable technology can be incorporated in large Human Avatar platforms, emerging now at EU scale (https://www.health-eu.eu/).

This course is designed and structured to address PhD students, post-doctoral fellows, R & D managers and engineers, business development managers and a wide range of R & D staff from companies and institutes involved in the research and development of smart systems, low power sensors and wearable applications. It also addresses researchers and engineers interested in multidisciplinary aspects of future smart system design and energy efficiency for smart wearables.

The course is compactly organized along one day, on 8 hours of lecture (with a possible 1 hour written evaluation at the end of the course, which for PhD students could offer the equivalent of 1ECTS for the doctoral schools).

• Overview : wearable technology and energy efficient autonomous smart systems
• Wearable low power sensor technology (Part I):
•  Motion sensors
• Biosignals and biosensors: ECG, EEG, EMG, EO, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, SpO2
• pH, ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+), glucose, hormones
• Wearable low power sensor technology (Part II): 
• Exposome sensors (gas and particles)
• Temperature sensors
•  Emerging materials for flexible sensors, interconnects and electronics
•  Low power CMOS, low power communications, energy, wearable system integration
• Silicon-On-Insulator CMOS
• Body Area Networks (BAN) wireless communications and standardization
• Ultra-low power radio front-ends and antennas for wearables
• Energy management
• Heterogeneous integration
• Context-driven embodiments of wearable systems and related applications and services:
•  Smart patches and stamps – state-of-the-art & challenges
• Smart garments – state-of-the-art & challenges
• Smart bands, watches and smart glasses: industrial embodiments
• Market Trends